Paper 3, Section II, I

Algebraic Geometry | Part II, 2018

(a) State the Riemann-Roch theorem.

(b) Let EE be a smooth projective curve of genus 1 over an algebraically closed field kk, with char k≠2,3k \neq 2,3. Show that there exists an isomorphism from EE to the plane cubic in P2\mathbf{P}^{2} defined by the equation

y2=(x−λ1)(x−λ2)(x−λ3)y^{2}=\left(x-\lambda_{1}\right)\left(x-\lambda_{2}\right)\left(x-\lambda_{3}\right)

for some distinct λ1,λ2,λ3∈k\lambda_{1}, \lambda_{2}, \lambda_{3} \in k.

(c) Let QQ be the point at infinity on EE. Show that the map E→Cl0(E),P↦[P−Q]E \rightarrow C l^{0}(E), P \mapsto[P-Q] is an isomorphism.

Describe how this defines a group structure on EE. Denote addition by ⊞\boxplus. Determine all the points P∈EP \in E with P⊞P=QP \boxplus P=Q in terms of the equation of the plane curve in part (b).

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