1.II.20G

Number Fields | Part II, 2006

Let α,β,γ\alpha, \beta, \gamma denote the zeros of the polynomial x3−nx−1x^{3}-n x-1, where nn is an integer. The discriminant of the polynomial is defined as

Δ=Δ(1,α,α2)=(α−β)2(β−γ)2(γ−α)2\Delta=\Delta\left(1, \alpha, \alpha^{2}\right)=(\alpha-\beta)^{2}(\beta-\gamma)^{2}(\gamma-\alpha)^{2}

Prove that, if Δ\Delta is square-free, then 1,α,α21, \alpha, \alpha^{2} is an integral basis for k=Q(α)k=\mathbb{Q}(\alpha).

By verifying that

α(α−β)(α−γ)=2nα+3\alpha(\alpha-\beta)(\alpha-\gamma)=2 n \alpha+3

and further that the field norm of the expression on the left is −Δ-\Delta, or otherwise, show that Δ=4n3−27\Delta=4 n^{3}-27. Hence prove that, when n=1n=1 and n=2n=2, an integral basis for kk is 1,α,α21, \alpha, \alpha^{2}.

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