Paper 3, Section II, F

Analysis II | Part IB, 2018

(a) Let A⊂RmA \subset \mathbb{R}^{m} and let f,fn:A→Rf, f_{n}: A \rightarrow \mathbb{R} be functions for n=1,2,3,…n=1,2,3, \ldots What does it mean to say that the sequence (fn)\left(f_{n}\right) converges uniformly to ff on AA ? What does it mean to say that ff is uniformly continuous?

(b) Let f:R→Rf: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R} be a uniformly continuous function. Determine whether each of the following statements is true or false. Give reasons for your answers.

(i) If fn(x)=f(x+1/n)f_{n}(x)=f(x+1 / n) for each n=1,2,3,…n=1,2,3, \ldots and each x∈Rx \in \mathbb{R}, then fn→ff_{n} \rightarrow f uniformly on R\mathbb{R}.

(ii) If gn(x)=(f(x+1/n))2g_{n}(x)=(f(x+1 / n))^{2} for each n=1,2,3,…n=1,2,3, \ldots and each x∈Rx \in \mathbb{R}, then gn→(f)2g_{n} \rightarrow(f)^{2} uniformly on R\mathbb{R}.

(c) Let AA be a closed, bounded subset of Rm\mathbb{R}^{m}. For each n=1,2,3,…n=1,2,3, \ldots, let gn:A→Rg_{n}: A \rightarrow \mathbb{R} be a continuous function such that (gn(x))\left(g_{n}(x)\right) is a decreasing sequence for each x∈Ax \in A. If δ∈R\delta \in \mathbb{R} is such that for each nn there is xn∈Ax_{n} \in A with gn(xn)⩾δg_{n}\left(x_{n}\right) \geqslant \delta, show that there is x0∈Ax_{0} \in A such that lim⁡n→∞gn(x0)⩾δ\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} g_{n}\left(x_{0}\right) \geqslant \delta.

Deduce the following: If fn:A→Rf_{n}: A \rightarrow \mathbb{R} is a continuous function for each n=1,2,3,…n=1,2,3, \ldots such that (fn(x))\left(f_{n}(x)\right) is a decreasing sequence for each x∈Ax \in A, and if the pointwise limit of (fn)\left(f_{n}\right) is a continuous function f:A→Rf: A \rightarrow \mathbb{R}, then fn→ff_{n} \rightarrow f uniformly on AA.

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