Paper 4, Section I, D

Quantum Mechanics | Part IB, 2015

The radial wavefunction R(r)R(r) for an electron in a hydrogen atom satisfies the equation

−ℏ22mr2ddr(r2ddrR(r))+ℏ22mr2ℓ(ℓ+1)R(r)−e24πϵ0rR(r)=ER(r)-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2 m r^{2}} \frac{d}{d r}\left(r^{2} \frac{d}{d r} R(r)\right)+\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2 m r^{2}} \ell(\ell+1) R(r)-\frac{e^{2}}{4 \pi \epsilon_{0} r} R(r)=E R(r)

Briefly explain the origin of each term in this equation.

The wavefunctions for the ground state and the first radially excited state, both with ℓ=0\ell=0, can be written as

R1(r)=N1e−αrR2(r)=N2(1−12rα)e−12αr\begin{aligned} &R_{1}(r)=N_{1} e^{-\alpha r} \\ &R_{2}(r)=N_{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{2} r \alpha\right) e^{-\frac{1}{2} \alpha r} \end{aligned}

where N1N_{1} and N2N_{2} are normalisation constants. Verify that R1(r)R_{1}(r) is a solution of (∗)(*), determining α\alpha and finding the corresponding energy eigenvalue E1E_{1}. Assuming that R2(r)R_{2}(r) is a solution of (∗)(*), compare coefficients of the dominant terms when rr is large to determine the corresponding energy eigenvalue E2E_{2}. [You do not need to find N1N_{1} or N2N_{2}, nor show that R2R_{2} is a solution of (∗).]\left.(*) .\right]

A hydrogen atom makes a transition from the first radially excited state to the ground state, emitting a photon. What is the angular frequency of the emitted photon?

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