Paper 1, Section II, E

Analysis II | Part IB, 2012

State the inverse function theorem for a function F:Rn→RnF: \mathbb{R}^{n} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{n}. Suppose FF is a differentiable bijection with F−1F^{-1} also differentiable. Show that the derivative of FF at any point in Rn\mathbb{R}^{n} is a linear isomorphism.

Let f:R2→Rf: \mathbb{R}^{2} \rightarrow \mathbb{R} be a function such that the partial derivatives ∂f∂x,∂f∂y\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}, \frac{\partial f}{\partial y} exist and are continuous. Assume there is a point (a,b)∈R2(a, b) \in \mathbb{R}^{2} for which f(a,b)=0f(a, b)=0 and ∂f∂x(a,b)≠0\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}(a, b) \neq 0. Prove that there exist open sets U⊂R2U \subset \mathbb{R}^{2} and W⊂RW \subset \mathbb{R} containing (a,b)(a, b) and bb, respectively, such that for every y∈Wy \in W there exists a unique xx such that (x,y)∈U(x, y) \in U and f(x,y)=0f(x, y)=0. Moreover, if we define g:W→Rg: W \rightarrow \mathbb{R} by g(y)=xg(y)=x, prove that gg is differentiable with continuous derivative. Find the derivative of gg at bb in terms of ∂f∂x(a,b)\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}(a, b) and ∂f∂y(a,b)\frac{\partial f}{\partial y}(a, b).

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