Consider a solution ψ(x,t) of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for a particle of mass m in a potential V(x). The expectation value of an operator O is defined as
⟨O⟩=∫dxψ∗(x,t)Oψ(x,t)
Show that
dtd⟨x⟩=m⟨p⟩,
where
p=iℏ∂x∂,
and that
dtd⟨p⟩=⟨−∂x∂V(x)⟩
[You may assume that ψ(x,t) vanishes as x→±∞.]