Paper 3, Section II, 11H11 \mathrm{H} Automata and formal languages

Automata and Formal Languages | Part II, 2017

(a) Given A,B⊆NA, B \subseteq \mathbb{N}, define a many-one reduction of AA to BB. Show that if BB is recursively enumerable (r.e.) and A⩽mBA \leqslant_{m} B then AA is also recursively enumerable.

(b) State the s−m−ns-m-n theorem, and use it to prove that a set X⊆NX \subseteq \mathbb{N} is r.e. if and only if X⩽mKX \leqslant_{m} \mathbb{K}.

(c) Consider the sets of integers P,Q⊆NP, Q \subseteq \mathbb{N} defined via

P:={n∈N∣n codes a program and Wn is finite }Q:={n∈N∣n codes a program and Wn is recursive }\begin{aligned} &P:=\left\{n \in \mathbb{N} \mid n \text { codes a program and } W_{n} \text { is finite }\right\} \\ &Q:=\left\{n \in \mathbb{N} \mid n \text { codes a program and } W_{n} \text { is recursive }\right\} \end{aligned}

Show that P⩽⩽mQP \leqslant \leqslant_{m} Q.

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